نقش نگرش و باور رانندگان جوان بر بازدارندگی جرایم رانندگی با سرعت زیاد

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد تهران شرق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

 سرعت غیرمجاز تخلفی رایج در راهها و به­خصوص در میان رانندگان جوان است. از جمله عوامل مؤثر در رانندگی با سرعت زیاد، نگرش و باور رانندگان می­باشند. لذا در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی نقش نگرش و باور رانندگان جوان بر بازدارندگی جرایم مربوط به سرعت غیرمجاز (جریمه نقدی، نمره منفی، توقیف خودرو و محرومیت اجتماعی) پرداخته شد. پرسشنامه به روش طراحی آزمایش انتخاب با رویکرد ترجیحات بیان شده طراحی گردید که شامل ترکیبات مختلفی از انواع جرایم بود. به علاوه سوالاتی به منظور سنجش نگرش نسبت به تصادف، نگرش نسبت به رانندگی با سرعت زیاد و همچنین باور نسبت به جرایم رانندگی ارائه گردید. داده­های پژوهش با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس و از میان دانشجویان دارای فعالیت رانندگی که در یکی از پردیس­های کرج دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران، دانشکده­های فنی دانشگاه تهران و دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران-شرق مشغول به تحصیل بودند گردآوری شد. در مجموع 550 پرسشنامه از پردیس­های دانشگاهی به دست آمد. با هدف بررسی رفتار انتخاب جریمه رانندگان و تأثیر نقش نگرش و باور رانندگان بر آن، از رویکرد انتخاب گسسته و مدل لوجیت چند جمله­ای استفاده شد. براساس نتایج، محرومیت اجتماعی برای رانندگانی که نسبت به رعایت سرعت مجاز در تصادفات نگرش مثبتی داشتند، از دو مکانیزم نمره منفی و جریمه نقدی بازدارنده­تر به دست آمد. همچنین بررسی برهمکنش باور رانندگان نسبت به جرایم و محرومیت اجتماعی نشان داد، برای رانندگانی که نسبت به کاربرد صحیح جرایم راهنمایی و رانندگی باور مثبتی نداشته­اند، محرومیت از حقوق اجتماعی بازدارندگی کمتری نسبت به سایر رانندگان داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Attitudes and Beliefs on Deterrence of Speeding Among Young Drivers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Yarahmadi 1
  • Mohsen Fallah Zavareh 1
  • Majid Zabihi Tari 2
1 Kharazmi University, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran, Iran
2 Islamic Azad University, East Tehran branch, Department of Civil Engineering, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Speeding has been recognized as a common violation particularly among the younger drivers. Drivers' attitudes and beliefs are among the factors influencing drivers’ speed selection. The present study investigates the role of young drivers' attitudes and beliefs on the deterrence of speeding penalties including “monetary fines”, “demerit point”, “car impoundment”, and “social deprivation”. We designed a stated preference survey to investigate the drivers’ choice of speeding penalties. The convenience sampling method was used to collect data (n=550) at campuses of Kharazmi University in Karaj, College of Engineering at the University of Tehran, and the East Tehran Branch of Islamic Azad University. We conducted a Multinomial Logit (MNL) regression to correlate the drivers’ selection of the speeding penalties to attitudes towards excessive speed and road crashes, as well as their beliefs about speed penalties. According to the results, for drivers who had a positive attitude toward accidents, social deprivation was more deterrent than demerit points and monetary fines. Moreover, analysis of the interaction between drivers' beliefs about traffic penalties and social deprivation showed that compared to other drivers, for drivers who did not have a positive belief about traffic penalties, the mechanism of social deprivation was less deterrent. The implications of these findings have been discussed.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Traffic violations
  • Attitudes
  • Beliefs
  • Speeding
  • Multinomial logit

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