ارزیابی خطر طغیان شط‌العرب در محدوده شهرستان بصره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

چکیده رود شط‌العرب حدوداً به طول 200 کیلومتر است و از به هم پیوستن دو رود دجله و فرات در شهر قرنه که در 74 کیلومتری شمال غربی شهر بندری بصره در جنوب عراق واقع شده است، شکل می‌گیرد. این رود تحت تأثیر تغییرات اقلیمی، باران‌های مکرر و مستعد خطر و ریسک طغیان رود و همچنین جاری شدن سیل است. حوضه رودخانه شط‌العرب در محدوده شهرستان بصره شاهد وقوع سیلاب‌ها و نتایج مخرب آن بوده است. هدف از این پژوهش ارزیابی و تحلیل مکانی خطر طغیان رود شط‌العرب در محدوده شهرستان بصره عراق با بهره‌گیری از سیستم اطلاعات مکانی (GIS) می‌باشد. در این پژوهش از GIS برای برآورد و ارزیابی مکانی و پهنه‌بندی مناطق طغیان رود شط‌العرب در منطقه بصره با بهره از داده‌های موجود استفاده خواهد شد. با مشخص نمودن انواع کاربری‌های اطراف رودخانه، تحلیل دقیقی از نحوه توزیع آن‌ها در مناطق با خطرپذیری مختلف ارائه می‌کند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که کاربری‌ زمین‌های کشاورزی با توجه به مساحت زیادی که دارند بیش از سایر کاربری‌ها در معرض خطر طغیان قرار دارد. نتایج این تحقیق می‌تواند تأثیر زیادی در پیشگیری از ایجاد صدمات جبران‌ناپذیر طغیان در این محدوده داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Risk Assessment of the Shatt Al-Arab Overflow in Basra

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Etemadfard
  • Neamah Aldirawi
  • Hamed Kharaghani
Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM)
چکیده [English]

Abstract The Shatta al-Arab River is approximately 200 km long and is formed by the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the city of al-Qarna, 74 km northwest of the port city of Basra in southern Iraq. The river is affected by climate change and frequent rains, it shows the risk of flooding and overflowing at the riverside. The Shatta al-Arab River Basin in the city of Basra has been faced with floods and devastating consequences. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the spatial risk of river overflow of the Shatta al-Arab River in the city of Basra, Iraq, using the Geospatial Information System (GIS). GIS was used to estimate and evaluate the location and zoning of the Shatt al-Arab floodplain in Basra using the available data. By identifying the types of land uses around the river, provided a detailed analysis of how they are distributed in different risk areas. The results show that the agricultural landuse due to its large area is more at risk than other uses. The results of this study can have a significant impact on preventing irreparable flood damage in this area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spatial Analysis
  • River Food
  • Spatial Information System
  • Shatta al-Arab
  • Basra
  1. Iqbal, U., Perez, P., Li, W., & Barthelemy, J., "How computer vision can facilitate flood management: A systematic review", International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, No. 53, p. 102030, (2021).
  2. Mohanty, M. P., H, V., Yadav, V., Ghosh, S., Rao, G. S., & Karmakar, S., "A new bivariate risk classifier for flood management considering hazard and socio-economic dimensions", Journal of Environmental Management, 255, 109733.doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.10973, (2020). 
  3. Alfieri, L., Bisselink, B., Dottori, F., Naumann, G., Wyser, K., Feyen, L., Roo, A. De, de Roo, A., Salamon, P., Wyser, K., Feyen, L., "Earth’s Future Global projections of river flood risk in a warmer world", Earth’s Futur. 5, pp. 171–182, )2017(.
  4. Mel, R. A., Viero, D. P., Carniello, L., & D’Alpaos, L., "Optimal floodgate operation for river flood management: The case study of Padova (Italy)", Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, No. 30, p. 100702, (2020).
  5. Gamble, D. W., & Meentemeyer, V. G., "A synoptic climatology of extreme unseasonal floods in the southeastern United States, 1950-1990", Physical Geography, No. 18(6), pp. 496–524, (1997).
  6. Hirschboeck, K. K., "Hydroclimatically-defined mixed distributions in partial duration flood series. In Hydrologic frequency modeling: Proceedings", (1987).
  7. Merz, B., Aerts, J., Arnbjerg-Nielsen, K., Baldi, M., Becker, A., Bichet, A., Nied, M., "Floods and climate: Emerging perspectives for flood risk assessment and management", Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, No. 14(7), pp. 1921–194, (2014).
  8. Shareef, M., & Abdulrazzaq, D., "Civil Engineering Journal River Flood Modelling For Flooding Risk Mitigation in Iraq", Civil Engineering Journal. 7. 1702-1715. 10.28991/cej-2021-03091754. (2021).
  9. Hirschboeck, K. K., "Future Hydroclimatology and the research challenges of a Post-stationary world", Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education, No. 142(1), pp. 4–9, (2009).
  10. Negaresh, H., Tavoosi, T., & Mahdinasab, m., "Investigating the severity of flooding in the Kashkan River catchment area", Journal of Natural geography, 4(13), pp. 49-58, (2011). (In Persian)
  11. Zargar, M., Masominezhad, A., "The application of GIS in the studies of determining the boundaries and bed of rivers, a case study: the catchment area of Chenaran River", The 4th Iran Water Resources Management Conference., Amirkabir university of technology, Iran, (2011). (In Persian)
  12. Aslani, F., Mehdipour, H., "Planning for Flood Risk Reduction by Using GIS Technique in Tehran Province", Disaster Prevention and Management Knowledge, No. 5 (3), pp. 173-185, (2015). (In Persian)
  13. Falahzavareh, F., Saghafian, B., Behzadian, K., "Estimation of the flood hydrograph using the SWMM model, taking into account the uncertainty of the spatial distribution of precipitation using the Monte Carlo method", 9th International Congress on Civil Engineering, Isfehan, Iran, (2012). (In Persian)
  14. Ghavami, Z., Mohammadinia, A., "Spatial prediction of flood prone areas using geospatial information system", The 4th national conference on the application of GIS in the water and electricity industry, Arak, Iran, (2017). (In Persian)
  15. Zope, P.E. Eldho, T.I. Jothiprakash, V., "Impacts of urbanization on flooding of a coastal urban catchment: a case study of Mumbai City, India", Journal of Natural Hazards, January 2015, Vol. 75, Issue 1, pp. 887-908, (2015).
  16. Kalyanapu, A. J., Judi, D.R., McPherson, T. N., "Monte Carlo-based flood modelling framework for estimating probability weighted flood risk", Journal of Flood Risk Management, No. 5(1), pp. 37-48, (2012).
  17. Saint-Geours, N., Grelot, F., Bailly, J. S., Lavergne, C., "Ranking sources of uncertainty in flood damage modelling: a case study on the cost-benefit analysis of a flood mitigation project in the Orb Delta, France", Journal of Flood Risk Management, No. 8, pp. 161–176, (2015).
  18. Wu, Y., Peng, F., Peng, Y., Kong, X., Liang, H. and Li, Q., "Dynamic 3D Simulation of Flood Risk Based on the Integration of Spatio-Temporal GIS and Hydrodynamic Models", ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf., 8, p. 520, (2019).
  19. Munir, B.A., Ahmad, S.R., Hafeez, S., "Integrated hazard modeling for simulating torrential stream response to flash flood events", ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf., 9, (2019).

 

 

 

CAPTCHA Image