ارزیابی هندسه و بررسی تغییرات حجم اشباع و غیراشباع آبخوان مشهد - چناران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• حسین محمدزاده ¹
• راهله شهریاری ²
• ناصر حافظی مقدس ²
• اعظم قزی ³

¹ گروه پژوهشی تحقیقات آب‌های زیرزمینی و ژئوترمال (متاب)، پژوهشکده آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد.

² گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

³ مهندسین مشاور زمین فیزیک پویا

10.22067/jfcei.2024.87150.1287

چکیده

ارزیابی هندسه آبخوان برای تعیین ضخامت آبرفت، تخمین ذخیره آبخوان، پیش‌بینی آب زیرزمینی قابل استحصال و همچنین استفاده بهینه از منابع آب زیرزمینی و مدیریت آبخوان‌ها ضروری است. در این مقاله، هندسه و تغییرات حجم بخش‌های اشباع و غیراشباع این آبخوان مشهد- چناران در بازه زمانی 30 ساله (1370-1400) مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. جهت تعیین هندسه آبخوان، نقشه‌های پهنه‌بندی تراز سطوح مختلف (سطح آبخوان، ایستابی و سنگ کف آبخوان) تهیه و تغییرات ضخامت آبخوان و حجم آن برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد، کاهش حجم بخش اشباع در بازه زمانی 30 ساله، 420 هزارمیلیون مترمکعب است، که روند کاهشی هیدروگراف معرف آبخوان آن را تائید می‌کند. بیشترین کاهش حجم بخش اشباع در دهه80، به دلیل برداشت‌ زیاد از آبخوان صورت گرفته است، اما در دهه 90 آبخوان وضعیت بهتری نشان می‌دهد. هرچند در‌نتیجه نفوذ پساب و فاضلاب شهری به آبخوان و همچنین انتقال آب از سد دوستی، در برخی نقاط کاهش جزئی در سرعت افت سطح ایستابی دیده می‌شود، اما به دلیل فشردگی و کاهش آبدهی ویژه مواد سفره، آبدهی آبخوان کاهش‌یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• هندسه آبخوان
• ضخامت آبرفت
• حجم اشباع
• مشهد&ndash
• چناران

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of The Geometry and Investigating of Changes in Saturated and Unsaturated Volumes of Mashhad - Chenaran Aquifer

نویسندگان [English]

• Hossein Mohammadzadeh ¹
• Raheleh Shahriari ²
• Naser Hafezi Moghaddas ²
• Azam Ghazi ³

¹ Groundwater and Geothermal Research Center (GRC), Water and Environment Research Institute, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

² Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.

³ Zamin physic Pouya Consulting Company

چکیده [English]

The assessment of aquifer geometry is crucial to determine the thickness of the alluvium, to estimate the aquifer storage, to predict extractable groundwater, to optimize groundwater resource usage and to better manage aquifer. In this article, the geometry of the Mashhad – Chenaran aquifer and the changes in the volume of its saturated and unsaturated parts were investigated over a period of 30 years (1991-2021). To determine the geometry of the aquifer, digital zoning maps of different surfaces (including the aquifer surface, water table level, and bedrock surface) were prepared, and the aquifer thickness and the volume of the aquifer were estimated. According to the results, the volume reduction in the saturated part is about 42 BCMs over 30 years, as confirmed by decreasing trend of the aquifer unit-hydrograph. The maximum decrease in saturated volume accrued in the 2001 due to large withdrawals. However, in the 2011, the aquifer’s condition was improved. Although there was a slight reduction in the water level drop rate in some parts of the aquifer due to the infiltration of urban effluents and sewage, as well as supplied from the Doosti dam, the aquifer yield decreased due to compaction, which in turn reduced the specific yield of the aquifer materials.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Aquifer Geometry
• Alluvium Thickness
• Saturated volume
• Mashhad- Chenaran

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